1.2. Problem solving steps.

1.2 PROBLEM SOLVING STEPS:

1. Understand and analyze the problem: To solve a problem first we need to understand and analyze the problem very carefully. We need to think about what is the problem? Why is it occurring? What are the inputs required to solutions? What are outputs or outcomes? This is a very important step to solve the problem.

2. Design the solution with appropriate problem-solving tool: In design steps, we design the solution with appropriate problem-solving tools. There are various problem-solving tools available. We also decide out of many solutions which solution is most effective and efficient. We have to decide what the data types are and data type operations are performed on the data. Then translate this design into a well-defined set of instructions.

3. Coding with appropriate problem language: In the coding step, we code an effective solution by using appropriate programming language. We do programming for the required problem.

4. Run and Test the solution: Once the coding is done then we have to run the code and test the solution for correctness and efficiency. Whether the program is giving correct output for various inputs or whether it is efficient with respect to memory and time.

5. Document the solution: Once the testing is done then the next step is to document the solution itself. We document the solution properly so that other persons can read and understand the problem and they can solve similar problems easily.

6. Problem solving Tools:

• Algorithm  

• Pseudo code 

• Flowchart

• DFD (Data Flow Diagrams)

• UML (Unified Modeling Language)

Above problem solving tools helps us to design solutions to the problem 

Most commonly used tools are Algorithm, Pseudo-code and Flowchart which are used for moderate applications (simple logic) and for more complex problems (complex logic) DFD and UML diagrams are used. These are the tools used to develop software to give solutions to problems.